With the availability of dedicated high-intensity synchrotron radiation sources, circular magnetic x-ray dichroism (CMXD) is developing as a technique for the investigation of magnetic properties. CMXD is defined as the difference in absorption between right and left circularly polarized beams at an absorption edge and provides information about the local (element and angular momentum specific) spin and orbital magnetic moments. Both theoretical and experimental work on the CMXD spectra of rare-earth magnets is presented. The nature of the feature below the absorption edge in the rare-earth CMXD spectra for the L2 and L3 edges is discussed.

We discuss recent developments in the magnetic x-ray dichroism of rare-earth materials. The application of this technique to the study of magnetic materials is discussed. Also, other work on magneto-optical effects in the x-ray range is reviewed. mehr

The existence of magnetic terms in the X-ray scattering cross-section is well established1–3, and the suggestion that X-ray studies of magnetization density would be viable dates from 19704. But despite pioneering diffraction studies with conventional X-ray sources5–7, measurements proved... mehr

Abstract 4f Photoemission (PE) spectra from magnetically ordered rare-earth materials using circularly polarized X-rays exhibit strong Magnetic Circular Dichroism (MCD), i.e., the intensities of the individual multiplet lines depend on the relative orientation of sample magnetization and photon... mehr

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